Close-up of a large statue of a roaring lion stepping on a snake.

Lion Crushing a Serpent

Antoine-Louis Barye

Artwork Details

Title
Lion Crushing a Serpent
Artist
Antoine-Louis Barye (1796 – 1875)
Year
1832, cast 1891; installed 1892
Medium
Bronze on granite base
Dimensions
Height 4'6″, width 2'10", depth 5'9" (base 3'2″, width 3'11", depth 7'8")

Artwork Description

Although his contemporaries criticized his style and his choice of animal subjects, Barye is today esteemed as the founder of the Parisian animaliers.

He worked at a time of widespread public hope that the ruling government could be made liberal and responsive to its citizens. His choice of bronze over marble and his use of animals as symbols for human emotions were both considered radical.

The political symbolism of the lion of monarchy crushing the evil serpent was applauded by Louis Philippe, who made Barye a knight of the Legion of Honor in 1833. Later Barye was appointed professor of zoological drawing at the Museum of Natural History, where Auguste Rodin studied with him.

F. Barbedienne, whose foundry cast the Lion, interested Thomas Hockley, chairman of Association for Public Art’s (then known as Fairmount Park Art Association) Committee of Works of Art, in the sculpture. Hockley circulated subscription books in 1885, and six years later payment was made for a cast of the work, which was the first sculpture installed in Rittenhouse Square.

Content on this page was adapted from Public Art in Philadelphia by Penny Balkin Bach (Temple University Press, 1992). Bach was the longtime Executive Director of the Association for Public Art, working with the organization from 1980 to 2022.

Artwork Credits

Purchased by Association for Public Art (formerly Fairmount Park Art Association)

Owned by the City of Philadelphia

Museum Without Walls

Voices:

JUDITH F. DOLKART is the former Deputy Director of Art and Archival Collections and Gund Family Chief Curator of the Barnes Foundation. She organized an exhibition “Michelangelo of the Menagerie: Bronze Works by Antoine-Louis Barye” at the Brooklyn Museum.

KAY BUFFAMONTE is the Lead Keeper of the “Big Cat Falls” at the Philadelphia Zoo.

STEVEN TATTI is the Principal and Chief Conservator of Tatti Art Conservation. He has been cleaning, waxing, and buffing this sculpture since the early 1980s.

Producer: Jenna Weiss-Berman

Museum Without Walls: Lion Crushing a Serpent